1031’s Blog

Exchange Your Debt With A 1031 Tax Exchange

The basic premise behind a 1031 exchange is that that you, the taxpayer, are shifting all of your equity from one property to the next. In effect, the old debt is being offset by the new debt on the replacement property. However, there are two ways to usurp this premise and cash out some of your equity: pre-exchange refinancing, and post-exchange refinancing. Pre-exchange financing will be discussed first.

In a 1031 exchange, all the proceeds from the sale are supposed to be passed on to the Qualified Intermediary - this prevents you from receiving any cash benefit from the sale. There may be times, however, when you would like to use some of that money for other purposes. If you decide to refinance your property shortly before the 1031 exchange and use that equity for your desired luxury item, you may find yourself violating IRS rules. (IRS vs. Garcia)

We have tax case IRS versus Garcia which tells us that the refinance must be done well prior to the 1031 Exchange. Garcia tried to avoid taxes and ran afoul of the 1031 rationale and the IRS. He ran into problems because he refinanced just before the 1031 Exchange and tried to take proceeds without paying the taxes. Therefore, you can’t take out equity unless you pay taxes on it.

Now, you want to avoid the Garcia issue so you decide to refinance the replacement property. This is where post-exchange financing comes into play. Not all taxpayers want to leave their equity in the replacement property - some want to take out that equity and buy more real estate. But, how long should you wait after completing the 1031 exchange before you take out the equity in the replacement property? Some say wait a nanosecond.

There is debate on how long one must wait after the 1031 exchange to show the IRS, through the closing statement, that you have invested all of your equity into the replacement property. Some say wait a nanosecond to establish a separate transaction and a new settlement statement to show that the replacement property was encumbered with new debt via a loan or a mortgage. Once this is established, there is a cash payment from the lender to you. Essentially, you have tapped into a pool of money made available through the 1031 exchange.

The legality of the nanosecond exchange is debatable. There are risks because there is no definitive IRS rule regarding how long you are to keep the equity in the replacement property. A more prudent approach would be to keep the money in the replacement property in order to avoid the Garcia trap. In this case, keep the equity in the replacement property until the following tax year or until two years have passed from the 1031 exchange to the ultimate finance.

U.S. investors can save a lot of money by using 1031 tax exchanges to defer all of their capital gains tax on the sale of investment property. 1031 exchanges are like an interest free loan from the IRS.

What Investors Need To Know About 1031 Exchanges Fees

The general rule when it comes to 1031 exchanges is that all proceeds from the sale must be reinvested in the replacement property, but as a property investor you likely have experience with the other costs associated with closing on a sale, including your real estate agent’s commission, the recording of the deed, and know that some of your proceeds must be put towards these sorts of transactional expenses.

But what about expenses that don’t necessarily fit into your typical closing statement, a classic example of which being rent proration and security deposits on the sale of a relinquished property?

The correct way to go about transferring future rent and security deposits to the new owner of the property is to cut a check from your own expense account. If you debit these kinds of expenses to your closings statement, you are effectively freeing money in your account for your own use and taking what as known as boot from the proceeds of the transaction. Any cash benefit or boot you receive from the sale is not considered part of a like-kind exchange, and investors who have attempted this have found themselves facing IRS litigation.

Section 1031 operates under the assumption that the investor is transferring the entirety of the equity on the sale property to the replacement. It is unacceptable to debit expenses such as rent proration or security deposits to the closing statement as that frees money in your operating account for your use. Any cash benefits or proceeds that you receive in this context are referred to as boot, and because they are not part of a like-kind exchange are taxable.

The fact of the matter is that the IRS examines these sorts of transactions, and will not look kindly on your receiving non-like-kind proceeds or cash benefits from 1031 transactions. With this in mind, you should be wary and take care regarding what expenses end up on your closing statement.

United States property investors can save big money by using a 1031 exchange to defer all of their capital gains tax on the sale of investment property. A 1031 tax exchange is almost like getting an interest free loan from Uncle Sam!